[213][214][215] In July 2015, an Australian expatriate was deported for swearing on Facebook. All in the family: Leadership changes in the Gulf. The UAE is also producing weapons and ammunition through Caracal International, military transport vehicles through Nimr LLC and unmanned aerial vehicles collectively through Emirates Defence Industries Company. Many of Ben Ali's family members subsequently also fled the country. The following day, however, thousands demonstrated in the center of Tunis, demanding Ben Ali's immediate resignation. [93] The smallest emirate, Ajman, encompasses only 259km2 (100sqmi) (see figure). The higher US interest rates followed since 2016 which the UAE currency complies to have boosted profitability. Among the top 50, Ireland will climb three spots. places in both methods' gdp ranking. Early life, education and military career, Trans-Saharan Counterterrorism Initiative, 18 October Coalition for Rights and Freedoms, Order of the Liberator General San Martn, Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria, "trangers politiquement vulnrables (Tunisie)", "Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, Former Tunisian President, Sentenced To 35 Years in Jail For Theft, Unlawful Cash And Jewelry Possession", "Tunisia's Ben Ali sentenced for incitement to murder", " : .. (", " 23 ", "Tunisie: la Rvolution des "Nouzouh"* n'a pas l'odeur du jasmin", "La rvolution par le feu et par un clic", "Republic of Tunisia Country Assistance Evaluation", "Tunisia, il golpe italiano 'Si', scegliemmo Ben Ali", "Couscous connection. The ministry plans to add three hospitals to the current 14, and 29 primary healthcare centres to the current 86. Bianco, C. (2020a). [180] The annual Freedom House report on Freedom in the World has listed the United Arab Emirates as "Not Free" every year since 1999, the first year for which records are available on their website. An Iranian destroyer group broke formation from an exercise in the lower Gulf, sailing to the Tunb islands. Specific supermarkets may sell alcohol, but these products are sold in separate sections. [384] There are also many private schools which are internationally accredited. The top four in the region comprise Mauritius (1st), South Africa (2nd), Botswana (3rd), and Kenya (4th). Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan is the UAE founding father and widely credited for unifying the seven emirates into one country. India is the innovation leader in the lower middle-income group. [19], The area which is today the United Arab Emirates has been inhabited for over 125,000 years. The country had already signed a military defence agreement with the U.S. in 1994 and one with France in 1995. [349] United Arab Emirates was ranked 33rd in the Global Innovation Index in 2021, up from 36th in 2019. Among the top 50, [31] Sumerian sources talk of UAE as home to the 'Makkan' or Magan people.[32]. [322] In Dubai, the area of Al Quoz has attracted a number of art galleries as well as museums such as the Salsali Private Museum. In ancient times, Al Hasa (today's Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia) was part of Al Bahreyn and adjoined Greater Oman (today's UAE and Oman). [62], By 1966, it had become clear the British government could no longer afford to administer and protect what is now the United Arab Emirates. The earliest known poet in the UAE is Ibn Majid, born between 1432 and 1437 in Ras Al-Khaimah. [27][168] According to Sharia court rulings, flogging ranges from 80 to 200 lashes. "[68], However, this arrangement was very short-lived, because early the following day (15 January 2011), the Constitutional Council of Tunisia determined that Ben Ali was not "temporarily unable" to exercise his duties and that the presidency was in fact vacant. The military allowed Ben Ali's plane to take off, immediately after which the Tunisian airspace was closed. [312], Emirati culture is based on Arabian culture and has been influenced by the cultures of Persia, India, and East Africa. In 1952, they formed the Trucial States Council,[53] and appointed Adi Bitar, Dubai's Sheikh Rashid's legal advisor, as Secretary General and Legal Advisor to the council. The UAE contains four terrestri ecoregions: Al Hajar montane woodlands, Gulf of Oman desert and semi-desert, Al-Hajar foothill xeric woodlands and shrublands, and Al-Hajar montane woodlands and shrublands.[101]. [78] She has three children: Nesrine, Halima and Mohamed Zine El Abidine. He was the UAE's first president from the nation's founding until his death on 2 November 2004. [245], The Arab Organization for Human Rights has obtained testimonies from many defendants, for its report on "Forced Disappearance and Torture in the UAE", who reported that they had been kidnapped, tortured and abused in detention centres. Chile (50) - the only Latin American country in the top 50 leads the Latin America and Caribbean region, followed by Brazil (54) a newcomer to the top 3 for the region and Mexico (58). The Council of Ministers is made up of 22 members and manages all internal and foreign affairs of the federation under its constitutional and federal law. [286] The UAE emits a lot of carbon dioxide per person compared to other countries. [55][56] In 1958, a floating platform rig was towed from Hamburg, Germany, and positioned over the Umm Shaif pearl bed, in Abu Dhabi waters, where drilling began. obj.currentTime = 0; Join the conversation: #GlobalInnovationIndex.
List of countries by GDP (PPP) per The UAE leadership has driven forward economic diversification efforts already before the oil price crash in the 1980s, and the UAE is nowadays the most diversified economy in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Originally intended to be part of the proposed Federation of Arab Emirates, Bahrain became independent in August, and Qatar in September 1971. Emirati foreign relations are motivated to a large extent by identity and relationship to the Arab world. The United Arab Emirates Ministry of Economy is a sponsor of the GEM 2021/2022 Global Report. If not for the fiscal stimulus in 2018, the UAE economy would probably have contracted in that year. [116] The UAE also ranks poorly in the annual Reporters without Borders' Press Freedom Index.
Global Innovation Index 2022: Switzerland, the U.S., and Sweden GDP (PPP) means gross domestic product based on purchasing power parity.This article includes a list of countries by their forecast estimated GDP (PPP). Al-Hajar foothill xeric woodlands and shrublands, Al-Hajar montane woodlands and shrublands, Foreign relations of the United Arab Emirates, Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie, IsraelUnited Arab Emirates peace agreement, List of cities in the United Arab Emirates, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, removing references to unnecessary or disreputable sources, Migrant workers in the United Arab Emirates, Migrant workers in the Gulf Cooperation Council region, List of newspapers in the United Arab Emirates, tallest human-made structure in the world, busiest airport in the world by international passenger traffic, Emirates Integrated Telecommunications Company, list of museums in the United Arab Emirates, United Arab Emirates Football Association, List of cricket grounds in the United Arab Emirates, 2018 ICC Women's World Twenty20 Qualifier, 2009 attack on the Sri Lanka national cricket team, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf, List of United Arab Emiratesrelated topics, "A mandatory requirement for an English translation under Abu Dhabi Courts", "United Arab Emirates Population Statistics 2022", "Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan elected as new UAE president", "GINI index (World Bank estimate) United Arab Emirates", "The Federal Boundaries of the United Arab Emirates", "United Arab Emirates's Constitution of 1971 with Amendments through 2004", Call to naturalise some expats stirs anxiety in the UAE, "Labor Migration in the United Arab Emirates: Challenges and Responses", "Production of Crude Oil including Lease Condensate 2016", "2013 Human Rights Reports: United Arab Emirates", "Report on the situation of journalists in the UAE Input for the Secretary General Report on the safety of journalists and the issue of impunity", Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, "UAE archaeologist discovers the Swiss Army knife from 130,000 years ago", "Abu Dhabi Islands Archaeological Survey (ADIAS)", "Ancient secrets of Sir Bani Yas unveiled", "November 3, 2008 The UAE is the old Pirate Coast. [232] According to the annual MasterCard Global Destination Cities Index, Dubai is the fifth most popular tourism destination in the world. }); T1, a double-decker tram system in Downtown Dubai, were operational from 2015 to 2019. A number of options between PCL and the trucial rulers were signed, providing useful revenue for communities experiencing poverty following the collapse of the pearl trade. Six grand projects are planned, including the Guggenheim Abu Dhabi and the Louvre Abu Dhabi. In the list of top 50, All economies will experience a positive growth rate in 2021. [291], The UAE's monetary policy stresses stability and predictability, as the Central Bank of the UAE (CBUAE) keeps a peg to the US Dollar (USD) and moves interest rates close to the Federal Funds Rate. Besides, the issue remains unknown as the visit visa data is not maintained in both the UAE and Indian migration and employment records. Latest News. [172][173] More recently in 2015, two men were sentenced to 80 lashes for hitting and insulting a woman. [73], In November 2016, Ben Ali made a statement via the office of his lawyer, Mounir Ben Salha, acknowledging his regime made "errors, abuses and violations". Productivity is at the core of what we want our societies and economies to be tomorrow, in particular if we want to combine higher levels of equality while using natural resources more sensibly. The intra-GCC crises: Mapping GCC fragmentation after 2011. International Affairs, 94(3), 613635. It leads globally in innovation outputs, and specifically in patents by origin, software spending, high-tech manufacturing and production and export complexity. [332] The emirate of Dubai is also home to two major golf courses: the Dubai Golf Club and Emirates Golf Club. [25], Human rights groups, such as Amnesty International, Freedom House and Human Rights Watch, regard UAE as generally substandard on human rights, with citizens criticising the regime imprisoned and tortured, families harassed by the state security apparatus, and cases of forced disappearances. [292], Since 2015, economic growth has been more mixed due to a number of factors impacting both demand and supply. All associations have to be submitted to censorship guidelines and all publications have first to be approved by the government. Most officers are graduates of the United Kingdom's Royal Military Academy at Sandhurst, with others having attended the United States Military Academy at West Point, the Royal Military College, Duntroon in Australia, and St Cyr, the military academy of France. See all national sponsors Connect with us.
Economy of Malaysia The NGO Tax Justice Network places them in 2021 in the group of the ten largest tax havens.[293]. Europe continues to host the largest number of innovation leaders 15 in total that rank among the top 25. Moreover, the country has made continuous and convincing improvements to its regulatory environment[286] and is ranked as the 26th best nation in the world for doing business by the Doing Business 2017 Report published by the World Bank Group. [21] In 1988, he changed the name of the ruling Destourian Socialist Party to the Democratic Constitutional Rally (RCD), and pushed through constitutional amendments that limited the president to three five-year terms, with no more than two in a row. Switzerland remains the worlds leader in innovation for the 12th consecutive year. [307][308], The UAE is served by two telecommunications operators, Etisalat and Emirates Integrated Telecommunications Company ("du"). [365], There are more Sunni than Shia Muslims in the United Arab Emirates,[366] and 85% of the Emirati population are Sunni Muslims. The Prime Minister, who is appointed by the Federal Supreme Council, appoints the ministers. PR/2022/895. It is no longer restricted to R&D laboratories and published scientific papers, and rather, is more general and horizontal in nature, including social, business model and technical aspects. In line with the GII, Turkish Exporters Assembly continues to lead exporters adaptation to the age of digitalization via innovation, The Global Innovation Index highlights this year a historic opportunity for energy companies such as Ecopetrol, located in biodiverse Colombia, in Latin America, as an optimum place in the world for developing clean technology innovative use cases in the near future. [225][226] Blasphemy is illegal; expatriates involved in insulting Islam are liable for deportation. In practice, the emir of Abu Dhabi serves as president while the ruler of Dubai is vice president and also prime minister. [120] The UAE's Council of Ministers (Arabic: ) is the chief executive branch of the government presided over by the Prime Minister. Food security in Arab Gulf States and the impact of COVID-19." For this purpose, ports are being rapidly expanded and investments are being made in their technology. The President and Vice President are elected by the Federal Supreme Council. [242][244][249] According to Human Rights Watch, the reports of forced disappearance and torture in the UAE are of grave concern. "Unit 2 of UAEs Barakah nuclear plant to start operations within months: ENEC CEO". Al Nasr, Al Ain, Al Wasl, Sharjah, Al Wahda, and Shabab Al Ahli are the most popular teams and enjoy the reputation of long-time regional champions. The requirement is derived from Sharia law, and has been federal law since 2005. var stopVideo = function(obj) { The strategy focuses on unifying healthcare policy and improving access to healthcare services at reasonable cost, at the same time reducing dependence on overseas treatment. The FNC consists of 40 members drawn from all the emirates. [17][18] Soon after the Tunisian bread riots in January 1984, he was reappointed director-general of national security. Add your server and get more players. The Emirates are increasingly developing their logistics and ports in order to participate in trade between Europe and China or Africa. } It leads worldwide in entrepreneurship policies and culture, and has made notable improvements in Innovation linkages and in Intangible assets, performing well in indicators such as finance for startups and scale-ups, and corporate intangible asset intensity. Ben Ali was appointed Prime Minister in October 1987. In PPP, United States (2,8) is present in the top ten, whereas Germany (5,18) Germany (4,17), Canada (9,15), Australia (13,9), Netherlands (18,12), and Switzerland (20,3) are in the top The first ever national elections were held in the UAE on 16 December 2006. economy with 14.04%, followed by Chile (11.00%). Salik, meaning "open" or "clear", is Dubai's electronic toll collection system that was launched in July 2007 and is part of Dubai's traffic congestion management system. "Arabic school aims to boost the popularity of the language". [77] She was also the president of the Arab Women Organization, which works to empower women in Arab states. The Islamic age of the UAE dates back to the expulsion of the Sasanians and the subsequent Battle of Dibba. [236] In July 2013, a Norwegian woman, Marte Dalelv, reported rape to the police and received a prison sentence for "illicit sex and alcohol consumption". [20], Following decades of maritime conflict, the coastal emirates became known as the Trucial States with the signing of the General Maritime Treaty with the British in 1820 (ratified in 1853 and again in 1892), which established the Trucial States as a British protectorate. [228] Article 1 and Article 66 of UAE's Penal Code requires hudud crimes to be punished with the death penalty;[228][229] therefore, apostasy is punishable by death in the UAE. [76][233] Another British woman was charged with "public intoxication and extramarital sex" after she reported being raped,[231] while an Australian woman was similarly sentenced to jail after she reported gang rape in the UAE. Other regional champions like Chile and Brazil in Latin America, and South Africa and Botwana in Sub-Saharan Africa, have improved their relative innovation performance.. [59] The UAE's border with Oman was ratified in 2008. In the list of top 50, All economies will experience a positive growth rate in 2021. [381] According to World Health Organisation data from 2016, 34.5% of adults in the UAE are clinically obese, with a body mass index (BMI) score of 30 or more. This system is a major advantage in terms of macroeconomic stability, as labour supply adjusts quickly to demand throughout economic business cycles. [286] Since its independence in 1971, the UAE's economy has grown by nearly 231 times to 1.45 trillion AED in 2013. Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al Quwain, and Ras Al Khaimah are connected by the E11 highway, which is the longest road in the UAE. [299] Since 6 January 2020, tourist visas to the United Arab Emirates are valid for five years. [75] In January 2006, Sheikh Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum, the prime minister of the UAE and the ruler of Dubai, died, and Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum assumed both roles. ", UNdata Record View Per Capita GDP at Current Prices, The African Challengers: Global Competitors Emerge from the Overlooked Continent, "Global Competitiveness Index, World Economic Forum", Field Listing: Population Below Poverty Line, The Report: Tunisia 2007: Country Profile, Tunisia's President Ben Ali Seeks Solidarity in Fight to End Poverty, ECOSOC Endorses Decision to Establish World Solidarity Fund to Eradicate Poverty and Promote Social Development, "Tunisie Droits de l'Homme: aprs le harclement, l'asphyxie", "Dans le monde de l'aprs-11 septembre, seule la paix protge les liberts Reporters sans frontires", "Secret audio sheds light on toppled dictator's frantic last hours", "Tunisia: President Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali forced out", "Tunisian leader flees amid protests, PM takes over", "Tunisia issues intl warrant for ousted president", "Ousted Tunisian president 'stashed' cash", "As Protests Mount, Tunisia Delays Cabinet Reshuffle", "Tunisians dissatisfied with quick Ben Ali verdict", "Ben Ali: My regime 'committed errors, abuses and violations', "Tunisia Leader Shaken as Riots Hit Hamlet of Hammamet", "Ousted Tunisian leader Ben Ali's family arrested", "BASMA Association for the Promotion of Employment of Disabled Persons", "First Lady Leila Ben Ali: Activities of the AWO Presidency", "Tunisia's Ben Ali, Autocrat Who Inspired Arab Spring Revolts, Dies in Exile", "Lawyer: Tunisia's toppled ruler Zine El Abidine Ben Ali dies", "Dcs de l'ex prsident Zine El Abidine Ben Ali", "Tunisia's former president Zine El-Abidine Ben Ali has died: lawyer", "Reply to a parliamentary question about the Decoration of Honour", "Visiting Tunisian President Zine El-Abid", "Past Recipients of Honorary Membership in Maltese Honours and Awards and Date of Conferment", "Nelson Mandela Speeches Address by President Nelson Mandela at a banquet in honour of President Ben Ali of Tunisia", Tunisia: President Ben Ali stresses need to intensify cooperation to combat terrorism, Call by Ben Ali to establish 'World Solidarity Fund', Chairman of the Organisation of African Unity, Chairpersons of the Organisation of African Unity, National Coalition for Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces, National Coordination Committee for Democratic Change, Faceted Application of Subject Terminology, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zine_El_Abidine_Ben_Ali&oldid=1119787519, Democratic Constitutional Rally politicians, Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint-Charles, Recipients of the Grand Star of the Decoration for Services to the Republic of Austria, First Class of the Order of the Star of Romania, Articles with dead external links from June 2016, Articles with dead external links from January 2022, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox military person with embed, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from March 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2017, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Zine El Abidine Ben Haj Hamda Ben Haj Hassen Ben Ali, Grand Master of the Order of Independence, Grand Master of the National Order of Merit, Grand Master of the Order of the Seventh of November, This page was last edited on 3 November 2022, at 12:01. [357][358] More than 100,000 British nationals live in the country. [38], The harsh desert environment led to the emergence of the "versatile tribesman", nomadic groups who subsisted due to a variety of economic activities, including animal husbandry, agriculture and hunting. The government does not levy income tax, although there is a corporate tax in place and a 5% value-added tax was established in 2018. The most complicated borders were in the Al-Hajar al-Gharbi Mountains, where five of the emirates contested jurisdiction over more than a dozen enclaves. [362][363] With a male/female sex ratio of 2.2 males for each female in the total population and 2.75 to 1 for the 1565 age group, the UAE's gender imbalance is second highest in the world after Qatar. Cricket is one of the most popular sports in the UAE, largely because of the expatriate population from the SAARC countries, the United Kingdom, and Australia. However, the effects of this policy are partially offset by monetary policy, which has been contractionary. Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan succeeded Khalifa as Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi. [300] It has been projected that the travel and tourism industry will contribute about 280.6 billion United Arab Emirati dirham to the UAE's GDP by 2028. The GII 2022 sketches out the possibility of two novel innovation waves: (i) a Digital Age innovation wave built on supercomputing, artificial intelligence and automation, which is on the verge of making ample productivity impacts across all sectors and fields of scientific research, and (ii) a Deep Science innovation wave built on breakthroughs in biotechnologies, nanotechnologies, new materials and other sciences, which is revolutionizing innovations in four fields of key importance to society: Health, Food, Environment and Mobility. The GII 2019 analyzed the medical innovation landscape of the next decade, looking at how technological and non-technological medical innovation will transform the delivery of healthcare worldwide. Arab Law Quarterly, Vol. The United Arab Emirates military force was formed in 1971 from the historical Trucial Oman Scouts, long a symbol of public order in Eastern Arabia and commanded by British officers. [109][110][111][112] According to The New York Times, the UAE is "an autocracy with the sheen of a progressive, modern state". [309] Internet subscribers were expected to increase from 0.904 million in 2007 to 2.66 million in 2012. Abu Dhabi nationals were brought under the scheme from 1 June 2008 and Dubai followed for its government employees. [citation needed] British maritime policing meant that pearling fleets could operate in relative security. The report shows that research and development (R&D) and other investments that drive worldwide innovative activity boomed in 2021 despite the COVID-19 pandemic, but face an uncertain near The UAE is annually ranked as "Not Free" in Freedom House's annual Freedom in the World report, which measures civil liberties and political rights. The United Arab Emirates is an elective monarchy formed from a federation of seven emirates, consisting of Abu Dhabi (the capital), Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Ras Al Khaimah, Sharjah and Umm Al Quwain. As of 2021, the United States and China would occupy the first two Other religions also exist in the United Arab Emirates, including Sikhism, Buddhism, Judaism, Bahs and Druze. The Caliph Abu Bakr sent an army from the capital Medina which completed its reconquest of the territory (the Ridda Wars) with the Battle of Dibba in which 10,000 lives are thought to have been lost. Out of the 39 European economies covered, twelve move up the rankings this year: the Netherlands (5), Germany (8), Austria (17), Estonia (18), Luxembourg (19), Malta (21), Italy (28), Spain (29), Poland (38), Greece (44), the Republic of Moldova (56) and Bosnia and Herzegovina (70). [181] Drunk-driving is strictly illegal and punishable by 80 lashes; many expatriates have been sentenced to 80 lashes for drunk-driving. [379] The area was occupied by the British until 1971 and, with many expatriates resident, English is the primary lingua franca in the UAE. The UAE is a member of the United Nations and several of its specialized agencies (ICAO, ILO, UPU, WHO, WIPO), as well as the World Bank, IMF, Arab League, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), and the Non-Aligned Movement.
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